Kayayyakin da daidaitawa da girman ƙarfin filin lantarki ke canzawa tare da lokaci ana kiransa polarization a cikin gani.Idan wannan canjin yana da ƙayyadaddun doka, ana kiran shi polarized electromagnetic wave .
(nan gaba ana kiranta da kalaman polarized)
Mahimman bayanai guda 7 da ya kamata ku sani game da "electromagnetic wave polarization" sune:
1. Electromagnetic wave polarization yana nufin kaddarorin cewa daidaitawa da girman ƙarfin filin lantarki suna canzawa tare da lokaci, wanda ake kira polarization a cikin optics.Idan wannan canjin yana da ƙayyadaddun doka, ana kiran shi polarized electromagnetic wave (nan gaba ana kiransa da igiyar ruwa).Idan ƙarfin filin lantarki na igiyar lantarki ta polarized electromagnetic wave ko da yaushe yana daidaitawa a cikin wani jirgin sama (transverse) daidai gwargwado zuwa hanyar yaduwa, kuma ƙarshen filin filin lantarki yana tafiya tare da rufaffiyar hanya, wannan igiyar wutar lantarki ta polarized ana kiranta jirgin polarized wave.Yanayin sagittal na filin lantarki ana kiransa maƙalar polarization , kuma ana kiran igiyoyin polarization bisa ga siffar polarization curve.
2. 2. Ga mitar jirgin sama guda ɗaya, madaidaicin madaidaicin ellipse (wanda ake kira polarization ellipse), don haka ana kiran shi elliptical polarized wave.Idan aka duba ta hanyar yaɗuwar, idan jujjuyawar jujjuyawar filayen lantarki ta ke a agogo, wanda ya yi daidai da ka'idar heliks na dama, ana kiran shi igiyar ruwa ta hannun dama;Idan jujjuyawar jujjuyawar ta kasance kishiyar agogo kuma ta bi ka'idar heliks ta hagu, ana kiranta igiyar ruwa ta hagu.Dangane da ma'auni na geometric na polarization ellipse (duba sigogi na geometric na polarization ellipse), za'a iya kwatanta raƙuman polarization na elliptical da yawa, wato, rabon axial (rabo na dogon axis zuwa ga gajeren axis), polarization. kusurwar shugabanci (kusurwar madaidaici na tsayin tsayi) da jujjuyawar juyi (juyawa dama ko hagu).Maɗaukakin igiyar ruwa mai elliptical mai ma'aunin axial daidai da 1 ana kiranta da'ira mai madauwari mai da'ira, kuma lanƙwan muryoyinsa da'irar ce, wadda kuma za a iya raba ta zuwa hannun dama ko na hagu.A wannan lokacin, kusurwar polarization ba ta da tabbas, kuma an maye gurbin madaidaicin kusurwa na farko na vector filin lantarki.Rawanin polarization na elliptical wanda rabonsa axial yana kula da rashin iyaka ana kiransa layin polarization na layi.Madaidaicin madaidaicin filin sa na lantarki koyaushe yana kan madaidaiciyar layi, kuma madaidaicin kusurwar wannan madaidaicin shine alkiblar polarization.A wannan lokacin, jagorar juyawa ya rasa ma'anarsa kuma an maye gurbinsa da farkon matakin ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
3. Duk wani igiyar daɗaɗɗen madauwari za a iya rugujewa cikin jimlar madaidaicin madauwari ta hannun dama (wakilta ta alamar ƙafa R) da madaidaicin madauwari ta hannun hagu (wakilta ta alamar ƙafa L).Idan igiyar igiyar igiyar madaidaiciyar layi ta bazu zuwa raƙuman raƙuman madauwari biyu masu madauwari tare da mabanbantan jujjuyawa, girman girman su daidai yake kuma yanayin farko ya yi daidai da na igiyar igiyar igiyar madaidaiciyar layi.
4. Duk wani igiyar igiyar igiyar ruwa ta elliptical kuma za'a iya rushe ta zuwa jimillar raƙuman raƙuman raƙuman raƙuman ruwa guda biyu tare da daidaitawa.Gabaɗaya, ɗaya daga cikin raƙuman raƙuman layi na layi yana daidaitawa a cikin jirgin sama a kwance (kuma daidai gwargwado ga alkiblar yaduwa), wanda ake kira da igiyar ruwa a kwance (wanda ke wakilta ta alamar ƙafa h);Matsakaicin sauran igiyoyin igiyoyin layin layi na layi ɗaya yana daidai da daidaitawa da jagorar yaduwa na igiyar igiyar ruwa ta sama a kwance, wacce ake kira igiyar igiyar ruwa a tsaye (wanda ke wakilta da alamar ƙafa V) (filin wutar lantarki na igiyar igiyar ruwa a tsaye tana daidaitacce. tare da layin plumb kawai lokacin da hanyar yaduwa ta kasance a cikin jirgin sama a kwance).Matsalolin filayen lantarki na sassan igiyoyin igiyar igiyar igiya guda biyu suna da jimlar girma daban-daban da jimlar matakin farko daban-daban.
5. Ana iya siffanta wannan igiyar elliptical polarization ta ƙididdigewa ba kawai ta hanyar ma'auni na geometric na polarization ellipse ba, har ma da ma'auni tsakanin nau'i biyu na jujjuya madauwari na polarization ko sassa biyu na layi na layi na orthogonal.Taswirar da'irar Polarization shine ainihin tsinkayar keɓancewar nau'ikan sigogin polarization daban-daban akan saman sararin samaniya akan jirgin equatorial.Eriya mai watsawa da karɓar raƙuman ruwa na lantarki yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa, waɗanda za'a iya sanya sunansu bisa ga ƙaƙƙarfan motsin igiyoyin lantarki a cikin mafi ƙarfin hasken hasken lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi azaman eriya mai watsawa.
6. Gabaɗaya, don cimma iyakar watsa wutar lantarki tsakanin watsawa da karɓar eriya, watsawa da karɓar eriya tare da kaddarorin polarization iri ɗaya yakamata a yi amfani da su.Ana kiran wannan yanayin daidaitawar polarization matching.Wani lokaci, don guje wa shigar da wani ƙaƙƙarfan kalaman polarization, aneriyatare da kaddarorin polarization na orthogonal ana amfani da su, kamar ingantacciyar eriyar polarization ta tsaye zuwa igiyar polarization a kwance;Eriya mai da'ira mai da'ira ta hannun dama tana karkata ne zuwa raƙuman madauwari ta hannun hagu.Ana kiran wannan yanayin daidaitawar polarization keɓewa.
7. Za a iya amfani da yuwuwar keɓancewa tsakanin raƙuman ruwa na polarization biyu na orthogonal zuwa tsarin polarization iri-iri.Misali, yin amfani da eriya guda ɗaya tare da aikin polarization dual don gane watsa tashoshi biyu ko duplex transceiver;Ana amfani da eriyar polarization daban-daban guda biyu don gane bambancin liyafar polarization ko kallon sitiriyo (kamar fim ɗin sitiriyo).Bugu da kari, a cikin tsarin gano bayanai kamar na'ura mai nisa da kuma tantance manufa ta radar, kadarorin karkatar da raƙuman ruwa da aka tarwatsa na iya ba da ƙarin bayani baya ga girman da bayanin lokaci.
Lambar waya: (028) 84215383
Adireshi: No.24-2 Longtan Industrial Urban Park, gundumar Chenghua, Chengdu, Sichuan, Sin
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-06-2022
